Deming faced a similar challenge to Calvin

Deming argued that you had to understand whether your system was under statistical control in order to determine what intervention to do in order to make an improvement. For example, if your system was out of control, the next intervention would be to do a qualitative investigation into the outliers. On the other hand, if the system was under statistical control, then you’d have to figure out what systemic change to make to improve things.

Myself, I’m in the Deming camp, but I can see why Drucker’s ideas won out. In reliability, we talk about “making the right thing easy and the wrong thing hard”, other people call this The Pit of Success. The rationale is that people will tend to do the easy thing over the hard thing. And managers are people too. But sometimes the right thing to do is the harder one, and nothing can be done about that.